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Self-deprecation, or self-depreciation, is the act of reprimanding oneself by belittling, undervaluing, disparaging oneself,[1] or being excessively modest.[2][3] It can be used as a way đồ sộ make complaints, express modesty, invoke optimal reactions or add humour. It may also be used as a way for individuals đồ sộ appear more likable and agreeable.[4] Self-deprecation often reflects low self-esteem and is associated with depression and anxiety and has become increasingly popular on social truyền thông media, especially among Gen Z.[5]

’Self-deprecation’ is more properly ‘self-depreciation’, since the former (from Latin precari prayer) means ‘to pray against oneself’ and the latter (from Latin precium value) means đồ sộ devalue oneself.[6]

Purposes[edit]

Self-defense[edit]

Self-deprecation was recommended by philosophers of Stoicism as a response đồ sộ insults. Instead of getting defensive, people should join in by insulting themselves even more. According đồ sộ the Stoics, this will remove the sting from the insult.[7] It will also disappoint the interlocutor because the person failed đồ sộ show upset in response đồ sộ words that were supposed đồ sộ hurt them, thereby reducing the chance that they will try đồ sộ upset the person lượt thích that again.[8] People prefer self-criticism over being criticized by others.[4]

However, researchers believe it can have an overall negative effect on users. It can result in them feeling that they don't deserve praise and undermining their own authority.[9]

Likability[edit]

Engaging in self-deprecation allows individuals đồ sộ appear more likable by showing off their flaws and deflecting praise.[10] People tend đồ sộ have more negative impressions of individuals who seem boastful and who talk positively about themselves. They are often perceived as arrogant, but this doesn't occur when one describes themselves in a negative way.[10] A person might self-deprecate after achieving something in fear of their accomplishment threatening the self-concept of others. People with higher statuses (i.e., is wealthy, has many accomplishments, are physically attractive) are perceived more positively if they self-deprecate by highlighting their own personal flaws and downplay their successes.[10]

Politeness[edit]

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In traditional British-English culture, self-deprecation is considered đồ sộ be an element of modesty. Modesty is considered a virtue, often contrasted đồ sộ the North American demonstration of self-confidence, often taken for boasting.[11] This is characteristic such as in the United Kingdom, Ireland, nước Australia and New Zealand, where "blowing one's own trumpet" is frowned upon.[12] In stereotypical English behavior, belittling themselves means appearing polite by putting someone else first.[11]

Comedy[edit]

Self-deprecation is seen as a major component of the comedy of many North American comedians such as Rodney Dangerfield,[13] Woody Allen,[14] Nathan Fielder,[15] Don Knotts,[16] and Joan Rivers.[17]

[edit]

Since the rise of social truyền thông media, self-deprecating humor has become increasingly popular on certain social truyền thông media platforms such as Instagram, Twitter and TikTok, especially among Gen Z.[18][5] This phenomenon can also be observed among millennials who find satisfaction in self-humiliation.[19] Self-deprecating jokes typically revolve about feeling dead inside, having a mental illness or about people blaming themselves for anything bad that happens in their life.[9] These posts tend đồ sộ be more popular because it allows users đồ sộ not feel alone in not being able đồ sộ live a perfect life.[18] According đồ sộ the American Psychological Association, 91% of Gen Z between ages 18-21 in the last month have experienced at least one physical or emotional symptom due đồ sộ stress. This statistic is the highest rate ever recorded, demonstrating the increase of mental health issues that Gen Z experiences. In return, users turn đồ sộ self-deprecating memes on social truyền thông media đồ sộ cope.[5]

Social truyền thông media can be public yet personal and has norms most users follow đồ sộ avoid being criticized. These types of self-deprecating jokes can let people feel miễn phí from the pressure of needing đồ sộ appear perfect. It lets users display their less-desirable traits or habits while preventing feelings of embarrassment.[19]

Boasting on social truyền thông media, just lượt thích in real life, is often perceived negatively and is another reason why users gravitate towards self-deprecation đồ sộ appear more likable.[10] People also tend đồ sộ lượt thích a person more if positive information about them is presented by a third các buổi tiệc nhỏ rather than thở from themselves, even if it is the same information. Furthermore, using self-deprecating hash tags allows individuals đồ sộ be perceived as less arrogant and more humorous.[10]

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See also[edit]

  • Guilty pleasure
  • Ingratiation
  • Peer pressure
  • Self-criticism
  • Self-hatred
  • Social awkwardness
  • Toxic positivity

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Self-deprecation". The Free Dictionary. Farlex. Retrieved 2010-06-08.
  2. ^ Self-Deprecation - Personality & Spirituality
  3. ^ Self-deprecation | Define Self-deprecation at Dictionary.com
  4. ^ a b Speer, Susan A. (2019). "Reconsidering self‐deprecation as a communication practice". The British Journal of Social Psychology. 58 (4): 806–828. doi:10.1111/bjso.12329. ISSN 0144-6665. PMC 6851542. PMID 31102414.
  5. ^ a b c Zizzo, Kira. "How Self-Deprecating Humor has Defined the Mental Health Issues of Gen Z in an Alarming Way". the Rock Online. Retrieved 2022-02-24.
  6. ^ "What does SELF-DEPRECIATION mean?". www.definitions.net. Retrieved 2023-08-28.
  7. ^ Jesper (2021-07-20). "Stop Seeking Approval: Respond đồ sộ Insults Like a Stoic". Mind & Practice. Retrieved 2023-08-28.
  8. ^ Irvine, William B. (2017) [2013]. A Slap in the Face: Why Insults Hurt—And Why They Shouldn't. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-066504-3. OCLC 1004818985.
  9. ^ a b McMullin, C. (2019). "Self-Depreciation: Why Do We Do It?". From Backpacks đồ sộ Briefcases. Arcadia University. Retrieved 2022-02-24.
  10. ^ a b c d e Austin, Adrienne B.; Costabile, Kristi A.; Smith, Lauren (2021). "Social judgements, social truyền thông media, and self-deprecation: Role of information source and valence on trait and favorability judgements". Journal of Media Psychology. doi:10.1027/1864-1105/a000299. S2CID 238075562.
  11. ^ a b Mills, Sara (2017). "§ 3.3.4 Self-deprecation". English Politeness and Class. Cambridge University Press. pp. 66–68. ISBN 978-1-108-34041-0.
  12. ^ "Self-Deprecation". Debrett's. Archived from the original on 5 April 2014. Retrieved 4 May 2014.
  13. ^ Muresianu, John (2 August 2021). "Liberal Arts Blog — Rodney Dangerfield (1921–2004) and the Art of Self-Deprecation". Medium. Retrieved November 29, 2021.
  14. ^ Forward, The (2009-06-10). "Is self-deprecation killing Jewish comedy? - Israel News | Haaretz Daily Newspaper". Haaretz.com. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  15. ^ Sarah, Osman. "CHATTING WITH: "NATHAN FOR YOU" CREATOR NATHAN FIELDER". Young Hollywood. Retrieved November đôi mươi, 2016.
  16. ^ "Don Knotts Obituary: View Don Knotts's Obituary by The Washington Post". Legacy.com. 2006-02-25. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  17. ^ Morris, Wesley (2010-06-20). "The many faces of Joan Rivers". The Boston Globe.
  18. ^ a b "Antisocial network: how self-deprecation is taking over the internet". The Guardian. 2016-05-25. Retrieved 2022-02-24.
  19. ^ a b "Self-deprecation on social media: for expression or for likes?". The Journal. Queen's University. 2017. Retrieved 2022-02-26.